Entropy: Thermodynamics – Energy – Environment – Economy

Entropie - ISSN 2634-1476 - © ISTE Ltd

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La Société Française de Thermique a pour objectif le développement et le rayonnement des sciences thermiques et énergétiques et de leurs applications concrètes. Cette année 2023, le 31ème Congrès Français de Thermique s’est déroulé du 30 Mai au 2 Juin 2023 à Reims sur le thème Thermique et Agroressources.

EAHE is an air-soil exchanger buried under the ground that permits the use of shallow ground temperatures to decrease building’s heating and cooling demands. Exergy analysis, which results from combining both the first and second law of thermodynamics, helps to analyze the performance of the EAHE at its reversible limit and to estimate the departure from this limit. An exergetic analysis will be carried out on the experimental EAHE installed at Illkirch-Graffenstaden campus of University of Strasbourg. The objective is to assess the system and identify the parts that dissipate energy the most to optimize the system. The experimental EAHE and the measurements taken are presented in the analysis and finally the derived results are analyzed.

In this paper, we examine a machine learning-based method aimed at improving the accuracy of T-LES fields in the context of highly anisothermal flows. We compare this method with an already existing super-resolution method. We train our convolutional neural network by filtering Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) snapshots into T-LES ones, and optimize our network to reconstruct DNS small scales from T-LES snapshots. Our results show that the neural network outperforms the classical reconstruction method in terms of the quality of the reconstructed coherent structures, but ends up increasing the Root Mean Square (RMS) values over the DNS ones.

A semi-analytical thermal model of a MOSFET in unsteady regime is presented. It allows the calculation of the temperature of the top surface of the device from the temperature on the bottom surface and the heat flux on the top surface. The thermal quadrupole method coupled to a spectrum conversion is used to manage the interfaces between the different layers of the device. For a two-dimensional geometry, the comparison of the results of the semi-analytical model with numerical results (under COMSOL Multiphysics) shows a maximum deviation lower than 0.1 K for a 45 K temperature variation and allows an inter-validation of the models.

In Reunion Island, agricultural waste from pineapple cultivation and Furcraea Foetida (a pestilence also known as choka) are not currently valorized. In the construction sector, non-biosourced thermal insulation has a significant environmental impact, despite being essential for reducing the energy consumption of buildings. In this study, we are interested in the valorization of these waste products through fibers extraction for the production of loose-fill thermal insulation. The objectives are (i) to characterize choka leaf fibers, (ii) to evaluate the thermal conductivity of an insulator produced from choka fibers and (iii) to evaluate the thermal conductivity of a loose-fill insulator produced from pineapple leaf mash as a function of density. The minimum thermal conductivities obtained are 0.066 W/m.K for choka fiber insulation (density 0.022) and 0.058 W/m.K for pineapple leaf mash insulation (density 0.159).

Bio-printing is a principle of additive manufacturing in which living cells can be printed or arranged in an organized manner in 3 dimensions. This technique could be useful in the manufacture of functional organs (and which could for example replace deficient organs in sick people) as soon as the locks related to the good development of these organs are unlocked. However, it can already be used to understand the effects of anti-carcinogenic substances on a healthy or malignant cell cluster (organoids). This work highlights the influence of certain parameters on the desired cell death. For example, the shape of the cluster, the diffusion of the anticarcinogen and its natural elimination over time largely influence the amount of cells remaining over time. Thus, the behavior at the microscopic scale (of the organoid) could be studied numerically from different angles while the passage to the macroscopic scale was only possible with simplifications (2-dimensional system, non-proliferation), but which allow to compare two important parameters, the natural elimination of the anticarcinogen with the cell disappearance. Thus, the hierarchy of chemotherapy chemicals resulting from work with organoids, in a logic of personalized medicine, can be challenged by other effects that cannot be taken into account on these small bio-constructs.

As part of the integration of the theme of "Energy Transition" into the school curriculum, we have designed an artisanal wind turbine device, intended for teaching "renewable energy" to pupils of Première S du High School. In the first part of this article, we present the theoretical elements of the wind turbine, the second part is consecrated to the achievements of the various elements and the characteristics of the device, we expose in the last part of the results of our study, very applicable and satisfactory for students during the course and exercises.