TY  - Type of reference 
TI  - A brief history of European technical culture and its relationship to innovation 
AU  - Anne-Françoise Garçon 
AB  - All technical culture consists of language elements, vocabulary and / or “technolecte”, and a plethora of social practices that define a technical habitus. Each trade and profession has its own technical culture. The forms differ from one another according to the three major systems of appropriation of the techniques on which each trade is founded upon: orality and technical symbolism for the pragmatic system, technical treatise and mathematical symbolism for the technical system, computer-assistance and systemic analysis for the technological system. Historically, the objectivization of the notion of progress, although present in the pragmatic system, took place in the sixteenth century when the technical system became the predominant pattern. But without leading to a culture of innovation which appeared in Europe only at the end of the nineteenth century, with the second industrialization, and built on the basis of the “dashboard culture”; (O. Barfield), shared by all professions, a blend of scientistic and progressive ideology, which founded co-activity in industrial societies. 
DO  - 10.21494/ISTE.OP.2017.0156 
JF  - Technology and Innovation 
KW  -  innovation,  invention, Technical culture,  operative knowledge,  dashboard culture,  engineering studies,  C/K theory,  technological writings,  innovation,  invention, Culture technique,  régime d’appropriation de la technique,  grammatisation,  énoncés techniques,  technologie,  théorie C/K,  génie industriel,  
L1  - https://www.openscience.fr/IMG/pdf/iste_techinn17v4n2.pdf 
LA  - en 
PB  - ISTE OpenScience 
DA  - 2017/09/5 
SN  - 2399-8571 
TT  - Une brève histoire de la culture technique européenne et de sa relation à l’innovation 
UR  - https://www.openscience.fr/A-brief-history-of-European-technical-culture-and-its-relationship-to 
IS  - Issue 4 
VL  - 2 
ER  -