TY  - Type of reference 
TI  - Concealment in cognitive warfare: between saturation, strategic invisibilisation and systemic deception 
AU  - Arnaud de Morgny 
AB  - Cognitive warfare aims at shaping the adversary’s thinking by altering mental representations. In this context, concealment is not merely a tactical option but a structural feature of cognitive action. Operating at every stage of the cognitive chain - from raw data to actionable knowledge - it enables the attacker to remain invisible while manipulating the target’s interpretive processes. This article analyzes cognitive concealment mechanisms through a systemic lens: information overload, strategist invisibility, indirect action through mediating agents, classical forms of ruse such as Greek mètis, and modern doctrines like maskirovka. The study models the strategic and psychological impacts of concealment, with emphasis on ethical and doctrinal implications. 
DO  - 10.21494/ISTE.OP.2026.1411 
JF  - Cognitive Engineering 
KW  - cognitive strategy, cognitive warfare, concealment, deception, information overload, maskirovka, reflexive control, contrôle réflexif, déception, dissimulation, guerre cognitive, maskirovka, saturation informationnelle, stratégie cognitive,  
L1  - https://www.openscience.fr/IMG/pdf/iste_ingecog26v9n1_1.pdf 
LA  - en 
PB  - ISTE OpenScience 
DA  - 2026/02/4 
SN  - 2517-6978 
TT  - La dissimulation dans la guerre cognitive : entre saturation, invisibilisation stratégique et ruse systémique 
UR  - https://www.openscience.fr/Concealment-in-cognitive-warfare-between-saturation-strategic-invisibilisation 
IS  - Issue 1 
VL  - 9 
ER  -