TY  - Type of reference 
TI  - When Artificial Intelligence Meets the Ineffable: The Challenge of Human Tacit Knowledge 
AU  - Elsa Negre
 
AU  - Camille Rosenthal-Sabroux
 
AU  - Brice Mayag
 
AU  - Thierry Jaillet 
AB  - Digital artificial intelligence (AI) is ubiquitous and constantly interacts with humans, drawing on both their explicit and tacit knowledge. Unlike humans, who possess both formalized knowledge and a wealth of tacit knowledge shaped by experience, AI does not hold any intrinsic knowledge. It generates responses by exploiting algorithmic models and accumulated datasets, but encounters limitations in understanding and reproducing tacit knowledge, which is often unarticulated and highly context-dependent. However, AI could play a key role in the articulation and transmission of such knowledge. By interacting with humans, it may assist in structuring informal knowledge, identifying recurring patterns in decision-making, and facilitating the exchange of expertise within organizations. Inspired by the concept of "Ba" defined by Nonaka, which describes a shared space that fosters knowledge creation, AI could act as a catalyst for formalizing certain aspects of tacit knowledge, while simultaneously raising major epistemological challenges, such as bias and the opacity of AI models. In this article, we analyze the capabilities and limitations of AI in addressing informal knowledge. We explore the mechanisms by which it could contribute to the emergence of a hybrid intelligence, combining human reasoning with algorithmic assistance, and discuss the practical, ethical, and equity-related implications of this interaction, particularly in domains where intuition and experience are essential, such as medicine, education, and strategic decision-making. 
DO  - 10.21494/ISTE.OP.2025.1360 
JF  - Open Journal in Information Systems Engineering 
KW  - Digital Artificial Intelligence (AI), Tacit knowledge, Explicit knowledge, Bias, Fairness, Intelligence Artificielle (IA) numérique, Connaissances tacites, Connaissances explicites, Biais, Equité,  
L1  - https://www.openscience.fr/IMG/pdf/iste_roisi25v5nspe2_1.pdf 
LA  - en 
PB  - ISTE OpenScience 
DA  - 2025/10/10 
SN  - 2634-1468 
TT  - Quand l’intelligence artificielle rencontre l’ineffable : le défi des connaissances tacites humaines 
UR  - https://www.openscience.fr/When-Artificial-Intelligence-Meets-the-Ineffable-The-Challenge-of-Human-Tacit 
IS  - Special Issue 
VL  - 5 
ER  -