Titre : Decarbonization: the scientist, the industrialist, the employee, and the politician Auteurs : Sophie Boutillier, Revue : Technology and Innovation Numéro : Issue 4 Volume : 10 Date : 2025/09/16 DOI : 10.21494/ISTE.OP.2025.1330 ISSN : 2399-8571 Résumé : The issue of decarbonization officially entered political debates in the early 2000s. but science and technology do not evolve according to the same chronology. The issue of anthropogenic climate change was identified by scientists as early as the 19th century, when industrialization based on fossil energy began. The 20th century was marked both by the continuation of this trajectory in terms of industrialization based on technologies powered by fossil energy, and by the creation of international institutions (such as the COP, the IPCC) to limit CO2 emissions. To limit climate change and its economic, social and human consequences, the watchword is “decarbonization”, i.e. reducing carbon emissions. But the reality is far more complex. Éditeur : ISTE OpenScience