@ARTICLE{10.21494/ISTE.OP.2025.1318, 

TITLE={How to represent urban climate data: graphic semiology and geovisualization}, 
  
AUTHOR={Najla Touati
, Jacques Gautier
, Sidonie Christophe
, Jean-François Girres
, Laurent Jegou, }, 
	
JOURNAL={Urban Risks}, 
	
VOLUME={8}, 

NUMBER={Issue 1}, 
	
YEAR={2025}, 

URL={https://www.openscience.fr/How-to-represent-urban-climate-data-graphic-semiology-and-geovisualization}, 
	
DOI={10.21494/ISTE.OP.2025.1318}, 
	
ISSN={2516-1857}, 
	
ABSTRACT={Cartographic representation approaches and standards of usual GIS tools may be very different from the tools used by different types of users studying or having to take into account urban climate phenomena (urban planners, meteorologists, climatologists, etc.). They may be insufficient to represent the complexity of the phenomena, characterized by three-dimensional spatial and temporal variability. Through the results of different research projects, this chapter focuses on new approaches to represent and explore climate data at the urban scale. The first part addresses the question of the uses and standards for representing climate and meteorological data in densely populated urban and intra-urban areas, addressing both operational needs and public communication. The second part focuses on visualization approaches for the analysis of simulated data in a scientific context, and addresses approaches to represent the different components of this complex data, notably through 3D environments. Finally, the chapter discusses the value of including users in the design of graphical representations of climate and meteorological data.}}