TY  - Type of reference 
TI  - From flexible roll-film to photography in natural color: the evolution of innovation management at Eastman Kodak 
AU  - Nicolas Le Guern 
AB  - This article shows that the management of innovation at Eastman Kodak changed profoundly between 1880 and 1912. Its founder George Eastman evolved from the status of entrepreneur-inventor, contributing directly to the innovation of the firm, to that of coordinator of a new structure from 1912. This article first stresses the risk taken by Eastman at the end of the 1880s, counting only on his photochemist to develop in 1890 a new flexible photosensitive roll-film. Then the article points out Eastman’s awareness to fundamentally change the innovation model at Kodak, by creating in 1912 a new structure of technical and scientific knowledge, the research laboratory. Kenneth Mees, a British scientist experimented with the photographic market, directed the laboratory and implemented his theories on the organization of research. The article concludes by underlining the benefits of the new innovation model for Kodak in color process research, noting its evolution towards the recent concept of open innovation. 
DO  - 10.21494/ISTE.OP.2021.0735 
JF  - Technology and Innovation 
KW  - Eastman Kodak,  innovation,  business,  research laboratory,  industrial research,  photographic industry, Eastman Kodak,  innovation,  entreprise,  laboratoire de recherche,  recherche industrielle,  industrie
photographique,  
L1  - http://www.openscience.fr/IMG/pdf/iste_techinn21v6n4_3.pdf 
LA  - en 
PB  - ISTE OpenScience 
DA  - 2021/09/13 
SN  - 2399-8571 
TT  - De la pellicule souple à la photographie en couleurs naturelles : l’évolution de l’organisation de l’innovation chez Eastman Kodak 
UR  - http://www.openscience.fr/From-flexible-roll-film-to-photography-in-natural-color-the-evolution-of 
IS  - Issue 4 
VL  - 6 
ER  -